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French Music
French Music in the
Middle Ages
It was during the later Middle Ages that France
essentially headed the development of music throughout Europe,
both sacred and secular. Manuscripts dating back as early
as the 10th century were found in numerous towns and cities
in France, and groups of composers and musicians were associated
with the Abbey of St. Martial in Limoges and the cathedral
of Notre Dame in Paris.
Secular music was made up mostly of the lai,
the ballade and the chansos de geste (“songs of deeds”),
which were epic poems sung and performed by minstrels, troubadours
and jongleurs. The most common themes used in the lyrics of
this sung poetry included courtly love, war and heroic nights
and nature.
In the 14th century one of the most important
musical forms of the century, the motet, was created by Philippe
de Vitry and later perfected by Guillaume de Machaut, who
is said to have been a leading poet and the most influential
French composer of his time.
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