Por vs Para - Examples, Definition, Uses

Por and para both often translate to "for" in English, which is why they are one of the most confusing pairs in Spanish grammar. The distinction is one of direction: para points forward to a purpose, goal or destination, while por points back to a cause, reason or means.

When to Use Para

Use para for:

purpose or goal: Estudio para aprobar. → I study in order to pass.

destination: Salgo para Madrid. → I'm leaving for Madrid.

recipient: Este regalo es para ti. → This gift is for you.

deadline: Lo necesito para el lunes. → I need it by Monday.

When to Use Por

Use por for:

cause or reason: Gracias por la ayuda. → Thanks for the help.

movement through or along: Viajo por España. → I travel through Spain.

duration: Estudié por dos horas. → I studied for two hours.

exchange: Lo compré por diez euros. → I bought it for ten euros.

means: Hablamos por teléfono. → We spoke by phone.

The Difference Side by Side

A single change of preposition can shift the whole meaning of a sentence: